https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46467 P < 5 × 10⁻⁸) were identified as instrumental variables, and assessed using genome-wide association study data from the Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium (12 906 cases and 108 979 controls) and the Global Lipids Genetic Consortium (n = 188 578). Mendelian randomization analyses found genetically raised LDL cholesterol levels to be associated with lower risks of endometrial cancer of all histologies combined, and of endometrioid and non-endometrioid subtypes. Conversely, higher genetically predicted HDL cholesterol levels were associated with increased risk of non-endometrioid endometrial cancer. After accounting for the potential confounding role of obesity (as measured by genetic variants associated with body mass index), the association between genetically predicted increased LDL cholesterol levels and lower endometrial cancer risk remained significant, especially for non-endometrioid endometrial cancer. There was no evidence to support a role for triglycerides in endometrial cancer development. Our study supports a role for LDL and HDL cholesterol in the development of non-endometrioid endometrial cancer. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms underlying these findings.]]> Tue 19 Sep 2023 15:34:26 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52439 Thu 12 Oct 2023 08:42:05 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:4972 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:46:54 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:5042 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:45:40 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29529 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:32:27 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40753 Mon 18 Jul 2022 13:40:24 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46360 Fri 18 Nov 2022 10:08:42 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40029 n= 10) were recruited with the aim of deriving a standard GlucoTRIG value for a reference meal. Volunteers consumed the reference meal (2 regular slices of wholemeal bread; 250 mL chocolate flavoured milk; 7 g butter and 11 g peanut butter) comprising of carbohydrate, fat and protein (41, 40 and 16% energy respectively) on three different occasions with a minimum washout period of 3 days. The GlucoTRIG value was determined as the difference between the product of insulin and triglyceride obtained from venous blood samples at baseline and the product of insulin and triglyceride at 180 min. Results: There were no significant differences in the participants’ dietary intakes and their metabolic parameters between three visits (P> 0.005). The GlucoTRIG value obtained from three mean values of the reference meal was found to be 19 ± 3.5. There were no significant (,i>P= 0.2303) differences observed between the GlucoTRIG values for the three visits. Conclusion: GlucoTRIG, consisting of both glycaemic and lipaemic responses, may be a physiologically relevant tool to rank foods and meals for reducing the risk of metabolic diseases. Trial registration: ACTRN12619000973112.]]> Fri 15 Jul 2022 10:11:17 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46116 Phyllanthus emblica L. (Indian gooseberry) is widely used in the Ayurveda for thousands of years to treat health complications including disorders of the immune system, diabetes, and obesity. Purpose: For the first time, our study aims to demonstrate the molecular mechanisms of the fruit extract of Phyllanthus emblica (PEFE) involved in the promotion of fat cell apoptosis and alleviation of adipogenesis. Methods: The active constituents from PEFE were identified using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). We carried out the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of PEFE using 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. The colonogenic assay was carried out to determine the inhibitory effect of 3T3-L1 adipocytes after PEFE treatment. In addition, inhibition of pancreatic lipase activity was performed and the lipolytic activity of PEFE and digallic acid was compared with the well-known standard drug orlistat. Besides, the molecular interaction and ligand optimization between digallic and adipogenesis/apoptosis markers were also carried out. Furthermore, to confirm fat cell apoptosis we have used several detection methods that includes Hoechst staining, PI staining, Oil staining and qPCR respectively. Results: Digallic acid was identified as a major component in the PEFE. The IC₅₀ values of digallic acid and PEFE were found to be 3.82 µg/ml and 21.85 µg/ml respectively. PEFE and digallic acid showed significant anti-lipolytic activity compared to the standard drug orlistat. In the mature adipocytes, PEFE significantly decreased triglyceride accumulation by downregulating adiponectin, PPARγ, cEBPα, and FABP4 respectively. We further analyzed the expression of apoptosis related genes upon PEFE treatment. Apoptotic process initiated through upregulation of BAX and downregulation of BCL2 resulting in an increased caspase-3 activity. In addition, we have also confirmed the apoptosis and DNA fragmentation in 3T3-L1 cells using Hoechst, PI and TUNEL assays. Conclusion: PEFE negatively regulates adipogenesis by initiating fat cell apoptosis and therefore it can be considered as a potential herbal medicinal product for treating obesity.]]> Fri 11 Nov 2022 14:46:51 AEDT ]]>